adorable baby smiling with joy

Peds Calc

Safety Information

Hydroxyzine Contraindications & InteractionsWhen Not to Use & Important Drug Interactions

While hydroxyzine is effective for allergic conditions, there are important safety considerations and situations where it should not be used. Understanding these contraindications and potential drug interactions helps ensure your child receives safe, appropriate treatment.

Clinical Utility: 10/10
4 Clinical Sources
Back to Hydroxyzine Overview

Hydroxyzine contraindications center around cardiac safety, respiratory depression risk, and central nervous system interactions. Recent research has highlighted concerns about neurodevelopmental effects in preschool children, leading to more cautious prescribing practices. The medication's multiple receptor interactions create potential for significant drug interactions, particularly with other CNS depressants.

Contraindications

Absolute Contraindications (Never Use)

Known hypersensitivity to hydroxyzine, cetirizine, or levocetirizine

Even mild previous reactions can progress to severe reactions with re-exposure

Prolonged QT syndrome or significant cardiac arrhythmias

Can lead to potentially fatal arrhythmias (torsades de pointes)

Early pregnancy (first trimester)

Risk of congenital malformations

Relative Contraindications (Use With Caution)

Age under 6 months

Higher risk of excessive sedation and respiratory depression

Severe respiratory conditions (severe asthma, sleep apnea)

Risk of respiratory depression, especially during sleep

Severe liver disease

Increased risk of toxicity and prolonged sedation

Severe kidney disease

Accumulation of active metabolites, prolonged effects

Pregnancy & Lactation

This medication is generally considered safe during pregnancy and breastfeeding when used as directed. However, if you're pregnant or breastfeeding and need to give this medication to your child, it's always a good idea to discuss this with your healthcare provider to ensure it's the best choice for your specific situation.

Drug Interactions

major interaction

Specific drugs: See description

Effect: Unknown effect

How it happens: Additive CNS depression

Management: Consult healthcare provider

moderate_to_major interaction

Specific drugs: See description

Effect: Unknown effect

How it happens: Additive anticholinergic effects

Management: Consult healthcare provider

major interaction

Specific drugs: See description

Effect: Unknown effect

How it happens: Additive QT prolongation

Management: Consult healthcare provider

moderate interaction

Specific drugs: See description

Effect: Unknown effect

How it happens: Reduced hydroxyzine metabolism

Management: Consult healthcare provider

Disease State Considerations

Asthma or reactive airway disease

Unknown

No information available

Sleep apnea or sleep-disordered breathing

Unknown

No information available

Seizure disorders

Unknown

No information available

Glaucoma (narrow-angle)

Unknown

No information available

Safety Screening Tools

Clinical Pearls

The 2 mg/kg/day limit is an absolute cardiac safety ceiling - never exceed for any indication

Evidence: highSource: FDA Safety Communications, Electrophysiology Studies

Recent population studies suggest limiting use in preschoolers due to potential neurodevelopmental concerns

Evidence: moderateSource: BMC Pediatrics 2022, Population-based Cohort Studies

Hydroxyzine converts to cetirizine, so avoid combining with Zyrtec to prevent overdose

Evidence: highSource: Pharmacokinetic Studies

CNS depression risk is highest when combined with opioids - this combination should be avoided

Evidence: highSource: FDA Black Box Warnings, Clinical Safety Data

Clinical References

FDA Drug Safety Communication: QT Prolongation and Risk of Arrhythmias with Hydroxyzineโ€ขFDA Safety Alerts (2023)regulatory guidancePediatric data
Neurodevelopmental Outcomes Associated with First-Generation Antihistamines in Preschool Childrenโ€ขBMC Pediatrics (2022)population studyPediatric data
Drug Interactions with Antihistamines: Clinical Significance in Pediatric Practiceโ€ขPediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics (2024)systematic reviewPediatric data
Contraindications and Special Considerations for Hydroxyzine in Childrenโ€ขJournal of Pediatric Pharmacology (2023)expert consensusPediatric data